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1. Consider the following statements about Mahabharata: (a) Historians have set aside the traditions as described in Mahabharata. (b) It has around 10,000 verses. (c) The main theme of Mahabharata is about the warring princes across India. (d) Its critical edition was started by K. R. Mangalam in 1919 CE. State which of the above statements are correct?
A. Only (a)
B. (a) and (2)
C. (a), (2) and (4)
D. None of these
2. What does the Sanskrit word ‘Kula’ define?
A. Neighbours
B. Families
C. Deities
D. None of these
3. How many verses are there in Mahabharata?
A. One lakh
B. 20000
C. 50000
D. More than one lakh
4. Under the leadership of a noted Indian Sanskritist,V.S. Sukthankar and his team comprising dozens of scholars initiated the task of preparing a critical edition of the Mahabharata. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the critical edition of Mahabharata?
A. The team worked out a method of comparing verses from each manuscript.
B. They selected the verses that appeared common to most versions and published these in several volumes, running into over 13,000 pages.
C. These variations were documented in footnotes and appendices to the main text.
D. The project took 49 years to complete.
5. Which one of the following statement is not true regarding the word, ‘patriliny’ ?
A. Patriliny had not existed prior to the composition of the epic, Mahabharata. The central story of the Mahabharata established the idea.
B. Patriliny means tracing descent from father to son, grandson and so on.
C. Most ruling dynasties (c. sixth century BCE onwards) claimed to follow this system, although there were variations in practice.
D. The concern with patriliny was not unique to ruling families. It is evident in mantras in ritual texts such as the Rigveda.
6. Consider the following statements regarding the rules of the marriage during the Early Societies: I. At that time sons were important for the continuity of the patrilineage, daughters were viewed rather differently within this framework. II. At the same time, marrying them into families outside the kin was considered desirable. III. The system of exogamy gave rise to the belief that kanyadana or the gift of a daughter in marriage was an important religious duty of the father. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A. Only I
B. I and II
C. I and III
D. All of the above
7. Which of the following statement is incorrect about the meaning of Endogamy?
A. Endogamy refers to marriage outside the unit.
B. Endogamy refers to marriage within a unit – this could be a kin group, caste, or a group living in the same locality.
C. It is the practice of a man having several wives.
D. It is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
8. Which among the following was a strategy adopted by the Brahmanas to enforce the varna order?
A. Assert that varna order was a human creation.
B. Advised kings to punish those who violated these norms.
C. Persuaded people that their status was determined by birth.
D. Persuaded people that their status was determined by occupations they practised.
9. Ekalavya belonged to the category of:
A. Vanik
B. Mlechchha
C. Brahmana
D. Nishada
10. According to The Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras Kshatriyas were to engage in ___________
A. warfare, protect people and administer justice, study the Vedas, get sacrifices performed, and make gifts
B. study and teach the Vedas, perform sacrifices and get sacrifices performed, and give and receive gifts.
C. in agriculture, pastoralism and trade.
D. serving the Brahm.
11. Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the duties as laid down in Manusmriti for the Chandalas?
A. They had to live on the outskirts of the village.
B. They had to use discarded utensils.
C. They were supposed to wear old clothes of the villagers and ornaments made from shells.
D. It was their duty to serve as executioner and dispose of the bodies of those who had no relatives.
12. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
A. Kouravas–Son of Gandhari
B. Ekalavya–Chandala
C. Pandavas–Sons of Pandu
D. Suvarnakaras–Goldsmith
13. A forest-dwelling or a hunting community is called
A. Nishada
B. Chandala
C. Suvarnakaras
D. Shudras
14. Which foreign traveller wrote in his account that“untouchables” had to sound a clapper in the streets so that people could avoid seeing them.”?
A. Fa-Hien or Fa-Xian R
B. Hiuen-Tsang
C. Marco Polo
D. Megasthenes
15. Women were allowed to retain the gifts they received on the occasion of their marriage as:
A. stridhana
B. manusmriti
C. biksha
D. None of These
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